Wills.
Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “It is the duty of a Muslim man who has something which is to be given as a bequest not to have it for two nights without having his will written regarding it.”
‘Umar said, “Learn the rules of inheritance,” Ibn Mas'ud adding, “of divorce and of the pilgrimage,” and both saying, “for it pertains to your religion.”
During an illness which brought me near to death in the year of the Conquest God’s Messenger came to visit me and I said, “Messenger of God, I have a large amount of property and my daughter is my only heir. Shall I will away all my property ?” He replied, ‘No” I suggested two-thirds, but he objected, then a half, but he still objected. When I suggested a third he replied, “You may will away a third, but that is a lot*. To leave your heirs rich is better than to leave them poor and begging from people. You will not spend anything, seeking thereby to please God, without being rewarded for it, even the mouthful you give your wife.”
*While this tradition tells that the Prophet gave permission for a man to will away a third of his estate to some person or purpose other than the heirs, it indicates that be thought it would be better not to will away so much.
Muhammad b. Abu Bakr b. Hazm said he often heard his father tell that ‘Umar b. al-Khattab used to say, “It is astonishing that one may inherit from a paternal aunt but that she does not inherit.”
